• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    BE 2014/0572 13 2014/0572 Summary of the drive system for an infeed conveyor or header of a harvesting machine with a direction-dependent maximum torque A drive system for a header, (2G) and / or intake conveyor (22) of a harvesting machine (10) comprises a drive motor (32) and a drive train connected between the drive motor (32) and the harvesting header (20) and / or intake conveyor (22) which is used to drive the harvesting header (20) and / or intake conveyor (22) in a first operating mode with one used in normal harvesting operation Direction of rotation and, in a second operating mode, is configured with a direction of rotation that reverses with respect to harvesting operation and transmits a maximum torque to the header (20) and / or intake conveyor (22) in foeiden'Betriebsarten. The maximum torque of the drive train is greater in the second operating mode than in the first operating mode. Fig. 2 2014/0572
    公开号:BE1022206B1
    申请号:E2014/0572
    申请日:2014-07-23
    公开日:2016-03-01
    发明作者:Dominik Mika；Gerd Müller；Stefan Bohrer；Hermann Reissner
    申请人:Deere & Company；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Drive system for an intake conveyor or Emtevorsatz a harvester with direction-dependent maximum torque
    The invention relates to a drive system for a header and / or intake conveyor of a harvester, comprising a drive motor and a connected between the drive motor and the header and / or intake conveyor drive train for driving the header and / or intake conveyor in a first mode with a normal harvesting operation used to rotate the direction of rotation and for driving the header and / or intake conveyor in a second mode with respect to the harvesting reverse direction and for transmitting a maximum torque on the header and / or feed conveyor is configured in both modes.
    State of the art
    In agricultural harvesters there is a risk that in addition to the Emtegut and foreign objects are absorbed by the field and get into the harvester, which can damage the components of the harvester or destroy one hand, and on the other undesirable in the crop, as they are undesirable consequential damage when processing or feeding to animals to be able to pull. It is therefore common to mount on the intake duct of the harvester or prior to foreign body detectors that stop in the case of detection of a foreign body, the collection of the harvester so fast that no damage to the harvester occur and the foreign body can be removed from the crop. Such foreign body detectors operate, for example, on an induction basis in order to be able to detect ferromagnetic foreign bodies (see, for example, DE 199 12 407 A1), detect the layer thickness of a crop mat (DE 10 2006 043 373 A1) which increases abruptly when a foreign body moves in or are based on noises that are hard Produce foreign bodies upon impact with rollers or other elements of the harvester or an emitter attachment (DE 10 2006 033 100 A1),
    Furthermore, it is customary to secure the intake of the harvesting machine by overload clutches and to stop automatically if there is a blockage (DE 199 18 552 A1, DE 102 41 216 A1 or EP 1 864 567 A1), which in particular uses a sensor for detecting the drive torque of the Harvest header or the intake conveyor is detected.
    After the clogging or foreign body detector has responded or a clogging by the operator of the harvester is detected, a reversing operation of the header and the infeed conveyor occurs to remove the crop from the harvesting machine. In the case of mechanical overload clutches (DE 102 41 216 A1), the maximum torque during reversing and during the normal harvesting process is the same. It has also been proposed to set the maximum torque during reversing smaller than during the harvesting process in order to avoid damage to the header due to the now reversing direction of rotation possible damage to the picker tines (EP 1 864 567 A1).
    Hydraulic drives of the intake conveyor and the header are also known which operate using a hydraulic pump driven by the combustion engine of the harvester and a hydraulic motor connected thereto to drive the intake conveyor. The DE10 2009 002 849 A1 and H. Schneider et al., Differential surface valves (logic elements) for Schnellststop and cutterhead brake on a forage harvester, VDI reports No. 1895 (2005), pp. 237-242 describe such a reversible drive for the collection of a forage harvester, in which the forward and return lines between the hydraulic pump and the hydraulic motor are each secured by pressure relief valves.
    Object of the invention
    The usual, with the same maximum torques for the harvesting and Reversierbetrieb working drives for the intake conveyor and the Emtevorsatz have the disadvantage that when reversing the maximum available torque is not sufficient in all cases, clogged, stuck in harvest header or intake channel Emtegut independently.
    The object underlying the invention is seen to provide a drive system for a feed conveyor or Emtevorsatz a harvester, in which an improved removal of possible blockages in Reversierbetrieb is made possible. solution
    This object is achieved by the teaching of claim 1, wherein in the other claims features are listed, which further develop the solution in an advantageous manner.
    A drive system for a harvesting header and / or intake conveyor of a harvesting machine comprises a drive motor, which is usually an internal combustion engine, and a drive train connected between the drive motor and the header and / or intake conveyor. The drive train is operable in a first mode, in which it drives the Emtevorsatz and / or the feed conveyor with a direction of rotation used in normal Emtebetrieb. In a second mode, the drive train drives the Emtevorsatz and / or the feed conveyor with a relation to the Emtebetrieb reverse rotation. The powertrain transmits in each mode a maximum torque on the Emtevorsatz and / or the intake conveyor. The maximum torque of the powertrain is greater in the second mode than in the first mode.
    In this way, greater forces or moments are available for reversing than for the normal harvesting operation. In the case of a blockage crop can thus have been retracted only with a torque which is smaller than the torque available for re-expelling. This ensures that in the vast majority of cases, any blockages can be eliminated without manual intervention by the operator.
    In a preferred embodiment, the drive train comprises a hydraulic pump which can be driven by the drive motor and a hydraulic motor which is connected in a hydrofluidic manner to the hydraulic pump by means of a first and a second line. In the first operating mode, hydrofluid flows from the hydraulic pump to the hydraulic motor through the first line and from the hydraulic pump to the hydraulic motor through the second line through the second line. The first and second lines are each protected by an overload valve, and the opening pressure of the overload valve connected to the second line is greater than the overload valve connected to the first line.
    Working Example
    With reference to the figures, an embodiment of the invention will be explained. Show it:
    Fig. 1 is a schematic side view of a self-propelled harvester in the form of a forage harvester, and
    Fig. 2 is a schematic plan view of the drive system of the intake conveyor of the harvester and the associated hydraulics.
    1 shows a harvester 10 in the manner of a self-propelled forage harvester is shown in a schematic side view. The harvester 10 is built on a frame 12 supported by front driven wheels 14 and steerable rear wheels 16. The operation of the harvesting machine 10 is carried out by a driver's cab 18, from which a header 20 in the form of a pickup is visible. By means of the Emtevorsatzes 20 picked up from the ground crop, z. As grass or the like is fed via a feed conveyor 22 with Vorpresswalzen, which are arranged within a feed housing 24 on the front side of the forage harvester 10, arranged below the driver's cab 18 chopper 26 in the form of a chopper drum, which chops it into small pieces and it Releases conveyor 28. The crop leaves the harvesting machine 10 to a transporting vehicle traveling alongside, via a discharge shaft 30 that is rotatable about an approximately vertical axis and can be tilted. In the following, directional details, such as laterally, downwardly and upwardly, refer to the forward direction V of the harvesting machine 10, which in FIG the figure 1 runs to the right.
    FIG. 2 shows a plan view of the drive arrangement of the harvesting machine 10. In the rear region of the harvesting machine 10 there is an internal combustion engine 32 serving as a drive motor, in particular in the form of a diesel engine, which is connected to longitudinal members and / or cross members of the frame 12. The engine 32 extends in the forward direction of the harvester 10 to about the rear end of the frame 12 and includes a crankshaft 34 that extends forward out of the housing of the engine 32. The crankshaft 34 drives a horizontally and forwardly extending output shaft 36.
    The output shaft 36 is connected at its front end with an angle gear 38, which is composed of a first bevel gear 40, which is connected via a coupling 42 with the longitudinal shaft 36, and a second bevel gear 44, which meshes with the first bevel gear 40. The axis of rotation of the second bevel gear 44 extends horizontally and transversely to the forward direction. The second bevel gear 44 is connected to a shaft 46 which drives a pulley 48. The pulley 48 is wrapped by a drive belt 50, which also wraps around a pulley 52 for driving the conveyor 28 and a pulley 54 for driving the chopper 26. The bevel gear 38, the shaft 46, the pulleys 48 and 54 and the drive belt 50 form a drive train that connects the output shaft 36 with the chopper 26.
    The longitudinal shaft 36 carries between the clutch 42 and the housing of the internal combustion engine 32 in addition a circumferentially toothed gear 56 which meshes with another gear 58, which drives a pump assembly 62 via a shaft 60, which for supplying d sr hydraulic motors for driving the wheels 14,16 and other hydraulically specified components of the harvester 10 is used.
    The shaft 46 is in the illustrated embodiment permanently in drive connection with a hydraulic pump 66 with adjustable displacement and flow direction. In another, not dargesteilten embodiment, a manual transmission is still arranged between the shaft 46 and the hydraulic pump 66, which makes it possible to couple instead of the hydraulic pump 66 of a reversible motor to the shaft 46 to the clutch clutch 42, the Häch seleinrichtung 26 in relation to the harvesting operation To drive the reverse direction and to grind their knives by means of a grinding device 100.
    The hydraulic pump 66 is connected hydraulically fluidically in a closed circuit with a hydraulic motor 68, which has an adjustable displacement and drives the pre-compression rollers of the intake conveyor 22 via a gear 64. Another hydraulic motor 78 is used to drive the driven elements of the header 20, which could also be a corn header for maize harvesting or production of whole plant silage. The further hydraulic motor 78 is driven by a pump of the pump unit 62.
    An outlet 82 of the hydraulic pump 66 and an inlet 86 of the hydraulic motor 68 are directly through a first pressure line 84, d. H. without the interposition of other valves o. Ä., Interconnected. An inlet 80 of the hydraulic pump 66 and an outlet 72 of the
    Hydraulic motor 68 are by a second pressure line 84 'directly, d. H. without the interposition of valves o. Ä. Connected to each other.
    A controller 70 (see Figure 1) controls a first actuator 76 via a first electromagnetic valve 90 in the form of a proportional valve, the position of which is controlled by a pair of electromagnets 104, 104 'electrically connected to the controller 70, acting as a double-acting hydraulic cylinder in FIG Form of a Gleichgangzylinders is executed and the flow rate and flow direction of the hydraulic pump 66 influenced. In addition, the controller 70 controls via a second electromagnetic valve 92, the position of which is controlled by an electromagnet 106 electrically connected to the controller 70, a second actuator 88, which is designed as a single-acting hydraulic cylinder and the displacement of the hydraulic motor 68 between a minimum and adjusted to a maximum absorption volume. The valves 90, 92 are the input side on the one hand with a pressure for adjusting the swash plates of the hydraulic pump 66 and the hydraulic motor 68 providing the pump 96, the pressure of which is buffered by a pressure accumulator 102, and on the other hand connected to a container 74 for hydraulic fluid. The pump 96 is driven by the shaft 46 and may be disposed in the housing of the hydraulic pump 66, or it is part of the pump unit 62. The pump 96 provides a sufficiently high, limited by a pressure limiting valve 112 pressure to the actuators 88 and 76th be able to adjust sufficiently quickly, and the pressure accumulator 102 provides the required volume flow. Both valves 90, 92 are proportional valves.
    Finally, the controller 70 is connected to an operator 94, which opens and closes the clutch 42, to an operator input device 98 disposed in the operator's cab 18, and to a foreign object detector 108. The latter is located in the lower, front feed roller of the intake conveyor 22 and detects ferromagnetic bodies contained in the retracted Erntegutmatte. Alternatively, or in addition, any other foreign body detector may be used that responds, for example, to sound generated by stone impact and / or skyrocketing flow rates sensed by the position of an upper roll of the intake conveyor 22 or based on electromagnetic waves Illuminate the Emtengutmatte.
    The operator input device 98 allows the operator to select a (road) ferry operation in which the clutch 42 is open and neither the chopper 26 nor the intake conveyor 22 is driven, since the hydraulic pump 66 is stationary. The further hydraulic pump 78 and thus the header 20 are then not driven. The wheels 14 and possibly (in four-wheel drive) also 16 are driven by their hydraulic motors and the pump unit 62.
    Furthermore, the operator input device 98 allows the operator to select a first operating mode (harvesting operation) in which the clutch 42 is closed and the chopping device 26 and the conveying device 28 are driven via the drive belt 50. The shaft 46 then also drives the hydraulic pump 66, which acts on the hydraulic motor 68 via the first line 84, which in turn drives the intake conveyor 22. The header 20 is then driven by the pump unit 62 via the further hydraulic motor 78. The actuators 76, 88 are controlled by the controller 70 via the valves 92, 92 associated electromagnets 104 and 106 such that there is a desired cut length of the shredded material that can be entered by the operator input device 98 or automatically by the controller based on measurements predetermined by sensors that detect properties of the shredded material, such as moisture or compressibility. Preferably, the displacement of the hydraulic motor 68 is set to the maximum possible value for achieving the desired cutting length and the displacement of the hydraulic pump 66 is adjusted accordingly in order to achieve the highest possible torque of the intake conveyor 22. The adjustability of the hydraulic motor 68 makes it possible to achieve greater conveying speeds of the intake conveyor 22 and thus shorter cutting lengths compared to a hydraulic motor with fixed displacement by the actuator 92, the swash plate of the hydraulic motor 68 is brought to a position below the maximum value.
    In the first mode, the solenoid 104 of the valve 90 of the hydraulic pump 66 is energized, which pulls the valve 90 against the force of a first spring 110 'to the left and brings into a position in which the actuator 76, the swash plate of the hydraulic pump 66 in a position in which the hydraulic pump 66 delivers hydraulic fluid through the outlet 82 and the first conduit 84 to the inlet 86 of the hydraulic motor 68, which then passes through the second conduit 84 'from the outlet 72 of the hydraulic motor 68 to the inlet 80 of the hydraulic pump 66. The terms inlet and outlet accordingly refer to the flow direction of the hydraulic fluid in the harvesting operation. When harvesting the electromagnet 104 'is not energized (but possibly the solenoid 106). To be used by the operator by means of
    Operator input device 98 caused the hydraulic motor 66 to stop at the end of the harvesting operation, only the electromagnet 104 is de-energized by the controller, so that the valve 90 is then brought by the spring 110 'in the neutral position, and then the actuator 76 by the force of an integrated spring 114 'is brought into the neutral or middle position in which the delivery volume of the hydraulic pump 66 is zero.
    The operator input device 98 also allows the selection of a second mode (a reversing mode) in which the feed conveyor 22 is driven in the opposite direction to the harvesting operation. Then, the controller 70 energizes only the solenoid 104 ', which pulls the valve 90 to the right against the force of a second spring 110 and thus places it in a position in which the actuator 76 spends the swash plate of the hydraulic pump 66 in a position in which the hydraulic pump 66 delivers hydraulic fluid through the second conduit 84 'to the hydraulic motor 68, which then flows through the first conduit 84 back to the hydraulic pump 66. When reversing the solenoid 104 is not energized. After the end of the reversing operation, the controller 70, the electromagnet 104 'is de-energized, so that the valve 90 is then brought by the spring 110 in the neutral position, and then the actuator 76 brought by the force of an integrated spring 114 in the neutral or middle position in which the delivery volume of the hydraulic pump 66 is zero.
    The pressure in the lines 84, 84 'is limited by pressure relief valves 120,122. A first pressure limiting valve 120 is connected with its high-pressure connection to the first line 84 and with its low-pressure connection via a throttle 124 to a tank 126. A second pressure-limiting valve 12 "is connected with its high-pressure connection to the second line 84 and with its low-pressure connection to the low-pressure connection of the first pressure-limiting valve 120 and thus likewise via the throttle 124 to the tank 126. The pressure relief valves 120, 122 each check valves 128,130 are connected in anti-parallel. The cut-off pressure of the first pressure-limiting valve 120 is smaller than the cut-off pressure of the second pressure-limiting valve 122.
    If, during normal harvesting operation, an excessively large amount of crop material is picked up, this can lead to a jam in the intake conveyor 22. In this case, the pressure on the first line 84 will increase because it can not flow off via the (stationary) hydraulic motor 68. If the pressure in the line 84 exceeds the opening pressure of the first pressure-limiting valve 120, it opens and the hydraulic fluid can flow via the check valve 130 to the second line 84 'and from there back to the hydraulic pump 66. As a result, damage to the hydraulic motor 68 and the mechanical drive train between the hydraulic motor 68 and the intake conveyor 24 are avoided. If now automatically (eg based on a pressure sensor in the line 84) by the controller 70 or by manual input of the operator into the operator input device 98, a reversing operation is caused, the pressure in the second line 84 ', through which the hydrofluid in the second Operating mode of the hydraulic pump 66 to the hydraulic motor 68 flows, limited by the second pressure relief valve 122. This pressure is higher than in the first mode. As a result, a higher torque of the hydraulic motor 68 is available when reversing than when harvesting. Thus, the crop accumulation can be eliminated with greater torque than when it was produced, which eliminates manual removal of the jam in most cases.
    With regard to the operation of the hydraulic arrangement of Figure 2 in the case of the response of the foreign body detector 108 reference is made to the disclosure of DE10 2009 002 849 A1, which is incorporated by reference into the present documents.
    The hydraulic motor 78 for driving the header 20 can also be connected by a hydraulic arrangement, as shown in Figure 2 for the drive of the hydraulic motor 68, with the associated pump in the pump unit 62 in order to achieve the advantages mentioned above. The only difference may be that the displacement of the hydraulic motor 78 need not be adjustable.
    权利要求:
    Claims (3)
    [1]
    claims
    A drive system for a header (20) and / or intake conveyor (22) of a harvesting machine (10) comprising a drive motor (32) and a drive motor (32) and the header (20) and / or feed conveyor (22) connected Drive train for driving the header (20) and / or intake conveyor (22) in a first mode with a direction of rotation used in normal harvesting operation and for driving the header (20) and / or intake conveyor (22) in a second mode with a opposite to the harvesting operation reversed direction of rotation and for transmitting a maximum torque on the harvesting attachment (20) and / or intake conveyor (22) is configured in both modes, characterized in that the maximum torque of the drive train in the second mode is greater than in the first mode is, wherein: the drive train driven by the drive motor hydraulic pump (66) and by a first In the first operating mode, hydrofluid through the first line (84) from the hydraulic pump (66) to the hydraulic motor (68) comprises a line (84) and a second line (84 ') hydrofluidically connected to the hydraulic pump (66). and in the second mode of operation flows through the second conduit (84 ') from the hydraulic pump (66) to the hydraulic motor (68), the first and second conduits (84, 84') are each secured by a pressure relief valve (120, 122) and the opening pressure of the pressure-limiting valve (122) connected to the second line (84 ') is greater than the opening pressure of the pressure-limiting valve (120) connected to the main line (84).
    [2]
    2. Drive system according to claim 1, wherein the pressure relief valves (120, 122) each check valves (128, 130) are connected in anti-parallel.
    [3]
    3. harvesting machine (10), in particular forage harvester, with a intake conveyor (22) and / or a header (20) and a drive system according to one of claims 1 or 2.
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    DE102013214986A1|2015-02-05|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US4138837A|1976-10-26|1979-02-13|Deere & Company|Variable speed reversible drive for a harvesting apparatus|
    US4430847A|1982-07-23|1984-02-14|Allis-Chalmers Corporation|Combine feed reverser|
    US5873227A|1997-11-04|1999-02-23|Agco Corporation|Combine harvester rotor speed control and control method|
    EP1854344A1|2006-05-12|2007-11-14|CNH Belgium N.V.|Reverse drive engaging mechanism for a feeder of an agricultural combine|
    DE102009002849A1|2008-07-11|2010-01-14|Deere & Company, Moline|Drive system for a feed conveyor of a harvester|
    DE19912407A1|1999-03-19|2000-09-21|Deere & Co|Transporter with metal detection device for use in harvesting or chaffing machinery has a roller with magnets contained internally, the fields of which are changed by the presence of magnetic metallic parts|
    DE19918552A1|1999-04-23|2000-10-26|Deere & Co|Harvester|
    DE10241216A1|2002-09-06|2004-03-18|Deere & Company, Moline|Blockage detection device for a combine harvester comprises an overload coupling that generates an acoustic or mechanical vibration when a predefined torque is exceeded, with said vibration detected by an alerting sensor|
    DE102006033100B4|2005-07-14|2017-07-20|Deere & Company|Device for detecting any foreign bodies picked up by a crop intake device|
    DE102006027078A1|2006-06-10|2007-12-20|Maschinenfabrik Kemper Gmbh & Co. Kg|crop receiver|
    DE102006043373A1|2006-09-15|2008-03-27|Trw Automotive Electronics & Components Gmbh & Co. Kg|Pipe system, pipe with sealing element and method for producing an assembly of a pipe and a sealing element|DE102017214097A1|2017-01-11|2018-07-12|Deere & Company|Drive system for a header of a harvester with automatic shutdown in case of overload|
    DE102017201701A1|2017-02-02|2018-08-02|Deere & Company|Drive system for a header of a harvester with hydraulic power transmission|
    DE102019217298A1|2019-11-08|2021-05-12|Deere & Company|Drive arrangement for an agricultural implement with mechanical overload clutch and automatic adjustment of the switch-off torque|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE201310214986|DE102013214986A1|2013-07-31|2013-07-31|Drive system for an intake conveyor or header of a harvester with direction-dependent maximum torque|
    DE132149867|2013-07-31|
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